France
Destination country · migration, permits and visas
- Inflow of foreign nationals, 2023 (OECD)
- 259,413
- Largest group, 2023
- Algeria
- First residence permits, 2025 (Eurostat)
- 376,748
- Schengen visa refusal rate, 2024
- 15.7%
DestinationFR2023–2025
Year by year
Data as at 2025
DS<FRFRANCE<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< FR6<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<2
Who moves to France
Inflows of foreign nationals recorded by France, by nationality (OECD).
All inflows by year
Data table
| 2000 | 89,799 |
| 2001 | 104,817 |
| 2002 | 122,101 |
| 2003 | 134,074 |
| 2004 | 138,859 |
| 2005 | 133,654 |
| 2006 | 156,922 |
| 2007 | 143,566 |
| 2008 | 146,075 |
| 2009 | 148,250 |
| 2010 | 144,498 |
| 2011 | 140,235 |
| 2012 | 149,330 |
| 2013 | 249,176 |
| 2014 | 236,914 |
| 2015 | 240,497 |
| 2016 | 243,597 |
| 2017 | 246,227 |
| 2018 | 259,933 |
| 2019 | 268,462 |
| 2020 | 208,491 |
| 2021 | 253,431 |
| 2022 | 284,458 |
| 2023 | 259,413 |
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023
Foreign nationals living in France
Stock of foreign nationals by nationality (latest year reported) and acquisitions of France's nationality (OECD).
- Morocco13,302
- Algeria11,411
- Tunisia6,364
- Türkiye4,715
- Comoros2,770
- Republic of the Congo2,678
- Mali2,592
- Côte d’Ivoire2,556
- Russia2,434
- Senegal2,407
- Cameroon2,081
- Haiti2,001
- United Kingdom1,884
- Romania1,788
- Guinea1,752
Acquisitions of nationality by year
Data table
| 2000 | 138,695 |
| 2001 | 119,516 |
| 2002 | 120,275 |
| 2003 | 137,030 |
| 2005 | 148,393 |
| 2006 | 121,321 |
| 2007 | 80,241 |
| 2008 | 129,106 |
| 2009 | 129,682 |
| 2010 | 136,996 |
| 2011 | 109,912 |
| 2012 | 92,292 |
| 2013 | 94,892 |
| 2014 | 103,243 |
| 2015 | 111,328 |
| 2016 | 116,805 |
| 2017 | 111,843 |
| 2018 | 107,361 |
| 2019 | 107,336 |
| 2020 | 84,151 |
| 2021 | 127,261 |
| 2022 | 109,460 |
| 2023 | 90,969 |
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023
International migrants
People living in France who were born in another country, or who hold foreign citizenship where country of birth is not recorded: mid-year estimates (UN DESA).
- Algeria1,405,235
- Morocco1,066,129
- Portugal585,896
- Tunisia444,223
- Italy303,685
- Türkiye260,167
- Spain254,830
- Comoros231,788
- Germany189,761
- Senegal176,632
- Côte d’Ivoire169,206
- Belgium169,102
International migrants by year
Data table
| 1990 | 5,890,023 |
| 1995 | 5,936,326 |
| 2000 | 6,141,350 |
| 2005 | 6,839,877 |
| 2010 | 7,322,210 |
| 2015 | 7,978,076 |
| 2020 | 8,610,719 |
| 2024 | 9,186,757 |
- International migrants, 2024
- 9,186,757
- Share of the population, 2024
- 13.8%
- Counted by
- country of birth, refugees added
Source: United Nations, DESA Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024 (CC BY 3.0 IGO)Data as at 2024
Migrants in the labour market
Labour force survey results for France: residents aged 15 and over who were born abroad, compared with those born in the country (ILOSTAT).
| Indicator | Born in the country | Born abroad |
|---|---|---|
| Employment-to-population ratio, 2025 | 53.5% | 47.0% |
| Unemployment rate, 2025 | 7.0% | 12.0% |
- Born abroad: share of all workers, 2025
- 12.9%
- Born abroad: share of high-skill jobs, 2025
- 10.5%
- Born abroad: share of medium-skill jobs, 2025
- 13.8%
- Born abroad: share of elementary jobs, 2025
- 24.5%
Source: International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2025
Earnings by occupation
Mean gross annual earnings of employees in France by major occupation group, in enterprises with 10 or more employees (Eurostat, Structure of Earnings Survey 2022).
| Occupation group | Mean annual earnings, EUR | Index, all occupations = 100 |
|---|---|---|
| All occupations | 40,679 | 100 |
| Managers | 75,695 | 186 |
| Professionals | 52,408 | 129 |
| Technicians and associate professionals | 39,272 | 97 |
| Clerical support workers | 29,339 | 72 |
| Service and sales workers | 29,217 | 72 |
| Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers | 26,341 | 65 |
| Craft and related trades workers | 30,292 | 74 |
| Plant and machine operators and assemblers | 31,224 | 77 |
| Elementary occupations | 25,126 | 62 |
- Mean gross annual earnings, all employees, 2022
- 40,679 EUR
- Women's mean earnings as a share of men's, 2022
- 85.4%
Source: Eurostat, Structure of Earnings Survey 2022 (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2022
Residence permits
First residence permits issued by France to non-EU citizens (Eurostat).
First permits by year
Data table
| 2008 | 188,433 |
| 2009 | 200,354 |
| 2010 | 204,043 |
| 2011 | 199,223 |
| 2012 | 198,929 |
| 2013 | 213,741 |
| 2014 | 219,972 |
| 2015 | 228,135 |
| 2016 | 236,707 |
| 2017 | 254,219 |
| 2018 | 267,085 |
| 2019 | 286,663 |
| 2020 | 236,607 |
| 2021 | 286,563 |
| 2022 | 326,210 |
| 2023 | 338,134 |
| 2024 | 344,813 |
| 2025 | 376,748 |
- Education118,165
- Other reasons116,866
- Family90,891
- Work50,826
- Other paid activities41,227
- Researchers6,756
- EU Blue Card2,148
- Highly skilled workers (national schemes)695
- Valid residence permits, 31 Dec 2025
- 4,410,864
- Long-term residence permits issued, 2025
- 68,998
- Changed status into work, 2025
- 47,297
- Intra-corporate transferee permits, 2025
- 1,384
- Seasonal work authorisations, 2024
- 41,700
Schengen visas issued by France
Short-stay visa applications at France's consulates worldwide.
Applications by year
Data table
| 2009 | 1,592,715 |
| 2010 | 1,965,777 |
| 2011 | 2,130,471 |
| 2012 | 2,321,534 |
| 2013 | 2,551,196 |
| 2014 | 2,894,996 |
| 2015 | 3,356,165 |
| 2016 | 3,265,865 |
| 2017 | 3,684,404 |
| 2018 | 4,010,604 |
| 2019 | 3,980,989 |
| 2020 | 658,247 |
| 2021 | 652,331 |
| 2022 | 1,918,515 |
| 2023 | 2,625,846 |
| 2024 | 3,072,728 |
| Country of the consulate | Applications 2024 | Refusal rate |
|---|---|---|
| China | 458,018 | 5.3% |
| Algeria | 352,295 | 33.7% |
| Morocco | 282,153 | 11.1% |
| India | 197,959 | 15.8% |
| Saudi Arabia | 191,388 | 5.3% |
| Türkiye | 151,640 | 14.1% |
| Russia | 134,885 | 7.0% |
| United Kingdom | 132,469 | 6.0% |
| Tunisia | 106,617 | 18.4% |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 62,786 | 32.6% |
| United States | 61,152 | 3.3% |
| Nigeria | 55,833 | 43.5% |
| Lebanon | 49,096 | 11.3% |
| Indonesia | 47,042 | 3.1% |
| Vietnam | 43,999 | 10.5% |
France's embassies and consulates abroad
Countries in which France has an embassy or consulate, as recorded in Wikidata.
| Country | Embassies | Consulates-general | Consulates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 1 | — | — |
| Albania | 1 | — | — |
| Algeria | 1 | 3 | — |
| Andorra | 1 | — | — |
| Angola | 1 | — | — |
| Argentina | 1 | 1 | — |
| Armenia | 1 | — | — |
| Australia | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Austria | 1 | — | — |
| Azerbaijan | 1 | — | — |
| Bahrain | 1 | — | — |
| Bangladesh | 1 | — | — |
| Belarus | 1 | — | — |
| Belgium | 1 | 2 | — |
| Benin | 1 | — | — |
| Bolivia | 1 | — | — |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | — | — |
| Botswana | 1 | — | — |
| Brazil | 1 | 3 | — |
| Brunei | 1 | — | — |
| Bulgaria | 1 | — | — |
| Burkina Faso | 1 | 1 | — |
| Burundi | 1 | — | — |
| Cambodia | 1 | — | — |
| Cameroon | 1 | 2 | — |
| Canada | 1 | 5 | — |
| Cape Verde | 1 | — | — |
| Central African Republic | 1 | — | — |
| Chad | 1 | — | — |
| Chile | 1 | — | — |
| China | 1 | 6 | — |
| Colombia | 1 | — | — |
| Comoros | 1 | — | — |
| Costa Rica | 1 | — | — |
| Croatia | 1 | — | — |
| Cuba | 1 | — | — |
| Cyprus | 1 | — | — |
| Czechia | 1 | — | — |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 1 | 1 | — |
| DR Congo | 1 | — | — |
| Djibouti | 1 | — | — |
| Dominican Republic | 1 | — | — |
| Ecuador | 1 | — | — |
| Egypt | 1 | 2 | — |
| El Salvador | 1 | — | — |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1 | — | — |
| Eritrea | 1 | — | — |
| Estonia | 1 | — | — |
| Ethiopia | 1 | — | — |
| Fiji | 1 | — | — |
| Finland | 1 | — | — |
| Gabon | 1 | 1 | — |
| Georgia | 1 | — | — |
| Germany | 1 | 6 | — |
| Ghana | 1 | — | — |
| Greece | 1 | 1 | — |
| Greenland | — | 1 | — |
| Guatemala | 1 | — | — |
| Guinea | 1 | — | — |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1 | — | — |
| Haiti | 1 | — | — |
| Honduras | 1 | — | — |
| Hungary | 1 | — | — |
| Iceland | 1 | — | — |
| India | 1 | 3 | — |
| Indonesia | 1 | — | — |
| Iran | 1 | — | — |
| Iraq | 1 | 1 | — |
| Ireland | 1 | — | — |
| Israel | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Italy | 2 | 3 | — |
| Jamaica | 1 | — | — |
| Japan | 1 | 1 | — |
| Jordan | 1 | — | — |
| Kazakhstan | 1 | 1 | — |
| Kenya | 1 | — | — |
| Kosovo | 1 | — | — |
| Kuwait | 1 | — | — |
| Kyrgyzstan | 1 | — | — |
| Laos | 1 | — | — |
| Latvia | 1 | — | — |
| Lebanon | 1 | 1 | — |
| Liberia | 1 | — | — |
| Libya | 1 | — | — |
| Lithuania | 1 | — | — |
| Luxembourg | 1 | — | — |
| Madagascar | 1 | 1 | — |
| Malaysia | 1 | — | — |
| Mali | 1 | 1 | — |
| Malta | 1 | — | — |
| Mauritania | 1 | — | — |
| Mauritius | 1 | — | — |
| Mexico | 1 | 1 | — |
| Moldova | 1 | — | — |
| Monaco | 1 | — | — |
| Mongolia | 1 | — | — |
| Montenegro | 1 | — | — |
| Morocco | 1 | 6 | 1 |
| Mozambique | 1 | — | — |
| Myanmar | 1 | — | — |
| Namibia | 1 | — | — |
| Nepal | 1 | — | — |
| New Zealand | 1 | — | — |
| Nicaragua | 1 | — | — |
| Niger | 1 | — | — |
| Nigeria | 1 | 1 | — |
| North Macedonia | 1 | — | 1 |
| Norway | 1 | — | — |
| Oman | 1 | — | — |
| Pakistan | 1 | 1 | — |
| Panama | 1 | — | — |
| Papua New Guinea | 1 | — | — |
| Paraguay | 1 | — | — |
| Peru | 1 | — | — |
| Philippines | 1 | — | — |
| Poland | 1 | 1 | — |
| Portugal | 1 | — | — |
| Qatar | 1 | — | — |
| Republic of the Congo | 1 | 1 | — |
| Romania | 1 | — | — |
| Russia | 1 | 3 | — |
| Rwanda | 1 | — | — |
| Saint Lucia | 1 | — | — |
| Saudi Arabia | 1 | 1 | — |
| Senegal | 1 | 1 | — |
| Serbia | 1 | — | — |
| Seychelles | 1 | — | — |
| Sierra Leone | 1 | — | — |
| Singapore | 1 | — | — |
| Slovakia | 1 | — | — |
| Slovenia | 1 | — | — |
| South Africa | 1 | 2 | — |
| South Korea | 1 | — | — |
| South Sudan | 1 | — | — |
| Spain | 1 | 4 | — |
| Sri Lanka | 1 | — | — |
| Sudan | 1 | — | — |
| Suriname | 1 | — | — |
| Sweden | 1 | — | — |
| Switzerland | 1 | 2 | — |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 1 | — | — |
| Tajikistan | 1 | — | — |
| Tanzania | 1 | — | — |
| Thailand | 1 | — | — |
| Togo | 1 | — | — |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | — | — |
| Tunisia | 1 | 1 | — |
| Turkmenistan | 1 | — | — |
| Türkiye | 1 | 1 | — |
| Uganda | 1 | — | — |
| Ukraine | 1 | — | — |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | 1 | — |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 2 | — |
| United States | 1 | 10 | — |
| Uruguay | 1 | — | — |
| Uzbekistan | 1 | — | — |
| Vanuatu | 1 | — | — |
| Venezuela | 1 | — | — |
| Vietnam | 1 | 1 | — |
| Zambia | 1 | — | — |
| Zimbabwe | 1 | — | — |
- Countries
- 161
- Missions
- 255
Source: Wikidata (CC0)Data as at Oct 2026
Remittances sent abroad
Personal remittances paid from France to other countries, in current US dollars (World Bank).
Remittances paid by year, US$ million
Data table
| 2000 | 5,121 |
| 2001 | 5,385 |
| 2002 | 6,134 |
| 2003 | 7,722 |
| 2004 | 9,095 |
| 2005 | 9,470 |
| 2006 | 10,285 |
| 2007 | 11,945 |
| 2008 | 13,269 |
| 2009 | 11,767 |
| 2010 | 12,026 |
| 2011 | 12,858 |
| 2012 | 12,561 |
| 2013 | 14,223 |
| 2014 | 16,866 |
| 2015 | 14,600 |
| 2016 | 14,431 |
| 2017 | 13,656 |
| 2018 | 15,955 |
| 2019 | 15,316 |
| 2020 | 14,526 |
| 2021 | 18,953 |
| 2022 | 18,406 |
| 2023 | 19,781 |
| 2024 | 21,429 |
| 2025 | 22,723 |
- Remittances paid, 2025
- US$22,723 million
- Average cost of sending US$200 from France, 2023
- 2.9%
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2025
Corridors into France
Nationalities with a dedicated corridor page.
- China → France
- Morocco → France
- Algeria → France
- Tunisia → France
- India → France
- Saudi Arabia → France
- Afghanistan → France
- United States → France
- Türkiye → France
- Côte d’Ivoire → France
- Russia → France
- United Kingdom → France
- Ukraine → France
- Guinea → France
- Cameroon → France
- Haiti → France
- Senegal → France
- Brazil → France
- DR Congo → France
- Nigeria → France
- Mali → France
- Italy → France
- Bangladesh → France
- Lebanon → France
- Comoros → France
- Spain → France
- Benin → France
- Indonesia → France
- Madagascar → France
- Sudan → France
- Vietnam → France
- Egypt → France
- Thailand → France
- Belgium → France
- Republic of the Congo → France
- Iran → France
- Portugal → France
- Canada → France
- Germany → France
- Kuwait → France
- Mexico → France
- Romania → France
- Philippines → France
- Colombia → France
- Pakistan → France
- South Africa → France
- Sri Lanka → France
- Syria → France
- United Arab Emirates → France
- South Korea → France
- Togo → France
- Japan → France
- Qatar → France
- Albania → France
- Azerbaijan → France
- Gabon → France
- Somalia → France
- Georgia → France
- Iraq → France
- Kazakhstan → France
- Mauritania → France
- Burkina Faso → France
- Chad → France
- Armenia → France
- Mauritius → France
- Kosovo → France
- Taiwan → France
- Belarus → France
- Argentina → France
- Peru → France
- Australia → France
- Netherlands → France
- Central African Republic → France
- Venezuela → France
- Eritrea → France
- Angola → France
- Cambodia → France
- Poland → France
- Moldova → France
- Singapore → France
- Chile → France
- Uzbekistan → France
- Serbia → France
- Ethiopia → France
- Bahrain → France
- Ghana → France
- Suriname → France
- Nepal → France
- Dominican Republic → France
- Burundi → France
- Ireland → France
- Oman → France
- Djibouti → France
- Cape Verde → France
- Uganda → France
- Jordan → France
- Ecuador → France
- Bulgaria → France
- Luxembourg → France
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023
Official data, not advice. Visa Atlas publishes figures from government registers and statistics. It does not assess eligibility or give immigration advice; for advice, consult a regulated adviser. Read more