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Ethiopia

Nationality · visas, permits and migration

Moved to OECD countries, 2023
16,836
Top destination, 2023
United States
U.S. non-immigrant visas, FY2025
21,554
UK visas issued, 2025
4,318
Schengen visa refusal rate, 2024
35.0%
NationalityETISO 3166
Year by year
Data as at 2025
NA<ETETHIOPIA<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
ET5<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<0

Visa requirements for a short visit

Whether citizens of Ethiopia need a visa for a short tourist or business visit, according to the legal lists. Rules change; check the official source before travelling.

DestinationShort visitLegal basis
Schengen areaVisa requiredRegulation (EU) 2018/1806 (consolidated 30.12.2025)
United KingdomVisa requiredImmigration Rules, Appendix Visitor / ETA National List
CanadaTemporary resident visa requiredIRPR s. 190, Schedule 1.1
Hong KongVisa requiredImmigration Department (HKSAR), visit visa requirements, 31.12.2025
Source: Regulation (EU) 2018/1806 (consolidated 30 Dec 2025); UK Immigration Rules, Appendix Visitor and ETA National List; Canada IRPR s. 190 and Schedule 1.1; Immigration Department (HKSAR), visit visa requirements as at 31 Dec 2025Data as at Oct 2026

Where people from Ethiopia move

Inflows of foreign nationals by country of nationality, as recorded by each destination (OECD).

Inflows to OECD countries, 2023
  1. United States5,630
  2. Canada3,820
  3. Germany1,988
  4. Türkiye511
  5. Belgium501
  6. Netherlands485
  7. France472
  8. Sweden453
  9. Finland413
  10. Italy407
  11. Australia387
  12. Switzerland372
  13. Japan342
  14. South Korea329
  15. Norway183

Inflows to all OECD countries by year

13k25k200020032006200920122015201820212023
13k25k2000200420082012201620202023
Data table
200010,325
200111,888
200214,049
200314,467
200417,067
200519,158
200625,434
200722,303
200820,393
200921,833
201023,194
201122,976
201222,557
201320,000
201418,310
201519,119
201621,971
201721,951
201819,625
201917,800
202011,184
202114,686
202214,628
202316,836
Share going to the top destination
33.4%
Destinations recording arrivals
15
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023

Living abroad

People born in Ethiopia who live in another country: mid-year estimates of the international migrant stock (UN DESA). Where a destination records citizenship rather than country of birth, its foreign citizens are counted.

Largest destinations, 2024
  1. United States363,811
  2. Saudi Arabia180,746
  3. Sudan121,969
  4. South Africa104,402
  5. Israel101,417
  6. Lebanon50,432
  7. Canada46,425
  8. Kenya30,353
  9. Somalia28,964
  10. Italy25,419
  11. Sweden24,644
  12. Netherlands22,584

Living abroad by year

815k1.63M19901995200020052010201520202024
815k1.63M19902000201020202024
Data table
19901,630,810
1995727,374
2000418,923
2005493,987
2010666,181
2015896,584
20201,075,343
20241,240,645
Living abroad, 2024
1,240,645
Change since 2000
+196.2%
Share living in the largest destination, 2024
29.3%
Source: United Nations, DESA Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024 (CC BY 3.0 IGO)Data as at 2024

United States

Visas issued to citizens of Ethiopia by U.S. consulates (fiscal years, October–September) and certified PERM labor certifications.

Non-immigrant visas by class, FY2025
  1. B1/B216,640
  2. C1/D1,332
  3. F11,239
  4. K1578
  5. G4554
  6. J1218
  7. H1B98
  8. A195
  9. A292
  10. H487

Non-immigrant visas by fiscal year

14k27k201720182019202020212022202320242025
14k27k20172019202120232025
Data table
201711,446
201820,743
201920,131
20209,974
202118,503
202216,037
202327,028
202425,885
202521,554
Immigrant visas by class, FY2025
  1. DV2,988
  2. IR11,852
  3. FX1,596
  4. IR51,175
  5. IR2869
  6. F2A470
  7. F2B415
  8. F1394
Immigrant visas, FY2025
10,569
Certified PERM labor certifications, FY2024 (latest year with citizenship)
117
Source: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, monthly visa issuances (public domain); U.S. Department of Labor, OFLC PERM disclosure data (public domain)Data as at FY2025

Green cards and U.S. citizenship

People born in Ethiopia who became U.S. lawful permanent residents (green cards) or U.S. citizens, and admissions of citizens of Ethiopia with an I-94 record (DHS, fiscal years).

Green cards by fiscal year

7,32015k2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
7,32015k201520172019202120232024
Data table
201511,390
201613,230
201714,640
201812,400
20199,060
20206,280
20213,710
20225,720
20236,510
20249,900
Green cards by class of admission, FY2024
  1. Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens5,170
  2. Family-sponsored preferences2,310
  3. Refugees and asylees1,000
  4. Diversity visa lottery990
  5. Employment-based preferences430
  6. Other classes10
Temporary worker admissions (I-94), FY2024
  1. Specialty occupations (H-1B)320
  2. Spouses and children140
  3. Athletes, artists and entertainers (P)130
  4. Intracompany transferees (L-1)70
  5. Other temporary workers40
  6. Extraordinary ability (O-1, O-2)10
Green cards, FY2024 (born in Ethiopia)
9,900
Naturalizations, FY2024 (born in Ethiopia)
8,070
I-94 admissions, FY2024 (citizenship)
34,880
Source: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics, Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2024 (public domain)Data as at FY2024

United Kingdom

Entry clearance visas issued to nationals of Ethiopia (Home Office) and students with a permanent address in Ethiopia (HESA).

Visas issued by group, 2025
  1. Visitor2,382
  2. Family1,346
  3. Work351
  4. Study125
  5. Other114

Visas issued by year

2,3534,706201020122014201620182020202220242025
2,3534,706201020132016201920222025
Data table
20103,441
20112,903
20123,123
20132,939
20142,682
20153,106
20162,433
20173,190
20183,251
20193,388
20201,135
20211,295
20223,304
20234,352
20244,706
20254,318
Students at UK universities, 2024/25
175
Source: Home Office, Immigration system statistics (year ending June 2026), Open Government Licence v3.0Data as at 2025

Canada

Permits and invitations for citizens of Ethiopia, by year the permit took effect (IRCC).

YearTFWP workIMP workStudyPermanent residentsExpress Entry invitations
202502405504,44040
202452854754,24525
202302308453,82525
202201654752,66010
202101553252,14525
202001052151,09535
201901203152,47510
201801103252,02020
20170952651,91020
201601202251,9300
20150651351,3555
Source: IRCC, monthly open data (rounded to the nearest 5). Open Government Licence – CanadaData as at 2025

Australia

Temporary skilled visas (subclass 457 to 2018, then 482) granted to primary applicants who are citizens of Ethiopia, by financial year ending 30 June (Home Affairs).

Primary visas granted by financial year

8152005–062007–082009–102011–122013–142015–162017–182019–202021–222023–242025–26
8152005–062009–102013–142017–182021–222025–26
Data table
2005–065
2006–079
2007–088
2008–094
2009–101
2010–112
2011–122
2012–134
2013–142
2014–154
2015–162
2016–174
2017–185
2018–194
2019–205
2020–213
2021–223
2022–2314
2023–245
2024–2515
2025–2611
By stream, 2025–26
  1. Core Skills9
  2. Labour Agreement1
  3. Specialist Skills1
Granted, 2025–26
11
Share of all Australian grants, 2025–26
0.0%
Source: Department of Home Affairs (Australia), BP0014 Temporary Resident (skilled) visas granted, data locked at 30 Sep 2026 (data.gov.au, CC BY)Data as at 2025–26

Japan

Citizens of Ethiopia living in Japan at the end of each December, by status of residence (Immigration Services Agency of Japan). 2020 and 2021 were published only as database tables.

Foreign residents in Japan

4609202012201420162018202220242025
4609202012201420162018202220242025
Data table
2012327
2013322
2014362
2015416
2016430
2017444
2018451
2019451
2022544
2023613
2024724
2025920
By status of residence, December 2025
  1. Designated Activities354
  2. Permanent Resident120
  3. Dependent117
  4. Student107
  5. Long-Term Resident78
  6. Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services38
  7. Spouse or Child of Japanese National33
  8. Professor19
  9. Entertainer19
  10. Spouse or Child of Permanent Resident13
Residents, December 2025
920
In work-related statuses
90
Share in work-related statuses
9.8%
Students
107
Source: Immigration Services Agency of Japan, Statistics on Foreign Residents (在留外国人統計), Table 1, end of December (e-Stat; Government of Japan Standard Terms of Use 2.0)Data as at Dec 2025

Schengen visas in Ethiopia

Short-stay (C) visa applications at Schengen consulates located in Ethiopia, 2024. Applicants are mostly, but not only, its citizens.

Schengen stateApplicationsIssuedNot issuedRefusal rate
Italy5,8833,7501,99733.9%
France4,4842,2571,91342.7%
Germany3,5962,3531,20933.6%
Netherlands2,5011,52483633.4%
Spain1,75690358433.3%
Switzerland1,5261,03636223.7%
Austria1,29274454041.8%
Belgium1,22265448139.4%
Greece945904252.6%
Hungary39717122656.9%
Finland3111939831.5%
Poland2849319066.9%
Czechia2781788731.3%
Romania118436353.4%

Applications by year

13k26k2009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024
13k26k200920122015201820212024
Data table
200913,665
201014,008
201115,265
201215,322
201316,136
201416,938
201518,304
201618,207
201721,372
201823,134
201925,947
20205,286
20216,089
202221,099
202324,665
202424,593
Refusal rate, 2024
35.0%
Refusal rate, 2019
19.0%
Source: European Commission, DG Migration and Home Affairs, visa statistics for consulates (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2024

Residence permits in Europe

First residence permits issued to citizens of Ethiopia in EU and EFTA countries, 2025 (Eurostat).

First permits by reason
  1. Family2,512
  2. Other reasons2,469
  3. Work1,756
  4. Education1,576
First permits by country
  1. Germany1,964
  2. Romania1,124
  3. Italy941
  4. France863
  5. Sweden582
  6. Finland475
  7. Netherlands391
  8. Poland383
  9. Belgium299
  10. Norway267
  11. Switzerland152
  12. Hungary150
Work permits by type, 2025
  1. EU Blue Card50
  2. Highly skilled workers (national schemes)84
  3. Researchers126
  4. Other paid activities1,496
EU Blue Cards granted, 2024
93
Citizenships acquired in the EU, 2024
2,762
Students in EU/EFTA tertiary education, 2024
5,509
Refused entry at EU external borders, 2025
130
Valid residence permits, 31 Dec 2025
56,852
Long-term residence permits issued, 2025
2,158
Changed status into work, 2025
371
Intra-corporate transferee permits, 2025
5
Seasonal work authorisations, 2024
50
Source: Eurostat (migr_resfirst, migr_resbc11, migr_acq, educ_uoe_mobs02, migr_eirfs, migr_pop1ctz), CC BY 4.0Data as at 2024–2025

National statistics in Europe

Citizens of Ethiopia in the figures of national statistics offices: residence permits granted in Denmark, immigrations by grounds for settlement in Sweden and immigrants with a non-EU/EFTA nationality by migration motive in the Netherlands; Finland and Austria publish immigration and emigration by citizenship only.

CountryYearAllWorkStudyFamilyProtectionOther or unknown
Denmark20256820142743
Sweden2025356847260383
CountryYearImmigrationEmigrationNet migration
Finland202542923406
Austria20251527082
Work-related, latest year
  1. Denmark20
  2. Sweden8
Source: Danmarks Statistik, Statistikbanken VAN66 and VAN77M (CC BY 4.0); SCB (Statistics Sweden), Statistikdatabasen TAB1614 and TAB6670 (CC0); CBS (Statistics Netherlands), StatLine 84809NED (CC BY 4.0); Statistics Finland (Tilastokeskus), StatFin 11a8 (CC BY 4.0); Statistik Austria, OGD_bevwan020_AUSSENWAND_100 (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2025

Germany

Citizens of Ethiopia living in Germany on 31 December 2025, by residence status in the Central Register of Foreigners (Destatis).

By residence status, 31 Dec 2025
  1. International law, humanitarian or political reasons7,555
  2. Application for a residence title pending3,795
  3. Permanent residence title3,785
  4. Family reasons2,545
  5. Permission to reside during the asylum procedure1,870
  6. Neither tolerated nor permitted1,335
  7. Tolerated stay (Duldung)1,330
  8. Special residence rights and national visas625
  9. Employment515
  10. Education and training435
  11. EU free movement85

Residents in Germany (31 Dec)

12k24k201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
12k24k2014201620182020202220242025
Data table
201411,927
201514,510
201618,425
201719,075
201819,765
201920,195
202020,465
202120,940
202221,865
202322,885
202423,855
202523,885
Residents in Germany, 31 Dec 2025
23,885
With a residence title for employment
515
Permanent residence title
3,785
Source: Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Destatis), Central Register of Foreigners, 31 December 2025 (reproduction permitted with source)Data as at 31 Dec 2025

Italy

New residence permits issued in Italy to citizens of Ethiopia, by year and reason, and permits valid on 1 January 2026 (Istat).

New permits by year

4579142016201720182019202020212022202320242025
457914201620182020202220242025
Data table
2016499
2017543
2018518
2019334
2020175
2021410
2022548
2023631
2024705
2025914
New permits by reason, 2025
  1. Study557
  2. Family201
  3. Work69
  4. Other reasons49
  5. Asylum and protection38
New permits, 2025
914
Valid permits, 1 Jan 2026
7,177
EU long-term residents, 1 Jan 2026
3,110
Source: Istat, residence permits of non-EU citizens: permits issued in the year and valid permits on 1 January (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2025

Foreign embassies and consulates in Ethiopia

Countries with an embassy or consulate in Ethiopia, as recorded in Wikidata.

CountryEmbassiesConsulates-generalConsulates
Algeria1——
Argentina1——
Australia1——
Austria1——
Bangladesh1——
Belgium1——
Botswana1——
Brazil1——
Bulgaria1——
Burkina Faso1——
Canada1——
Chile1——
China1——
Czechia1——
Côte d’Ivoire1——
Ecuador1——
Finland1——
France1——
Gambia1——
Germany1——
Ghana1——
Greece1——
Guinea1——
India1——
Indonesia1——
Ireland1——
Israel1——
Italy1——
Japan1——
Luxembourg1——
Mexico1——
Morocco1——
Mozambique1——
Netherlands1——
New Zealand1——
Norway1——
Palestine1——
Poland1——
Portugal1——
Romania1——
Russia1——
Saudi Arabia1——
Serbia1——
Seychelles1——
Sierra Leone1——
Slovakia1——
Slovenia1——
South Africa1——
South Korea1——
Spain1——
Sweden1——
Switzerland1——
Tunisia1——
Türkiye1——
Ukraine1——
United Arab Emirates1——
United Kingdom1——
Uruguay1——
Yemen1——
Countries
59
Missions
59
Source: Wikidata (CC0)Data as at Oct 2026

Remittances

Money that migrants send home: personal remittances received by Ethiopia, in current US dollars (World Bank).

Remittances received by year, US$ million

3,5697,138200020032006200920122015201820212024
3,5697,138200020052010201520202024
Data table
200053
200118
200233
200346
2004134
2005174
2006172
2007358
2008387
2009262
2010436
2011538
2012624
2013833
20141,796
20151,087
2016772
2017393
2018436
2019480
2020404
2021448
2022510
2023539
20247,138
Remittances received, 2024
US$7,138 million
Share of GDP, 2024
4.8%
Average cost of sending US$200 to Ethiopia, 2023
3.4%
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0)Data as at 2024

All corridors from Ethiopia

Destinations with a dedicated page for citizens of this country.

  • Ethiopia → United States
  • Ethiopia → Canada
  • Ethiopia → Germany
  • Ethiopia → Italy
  • Ethiopia → France
  • Ethiopia → Türkiye
  • Ethiopia → Sweden
  • Ethiopia → Romania
  • Ethiopia → United Kingdom
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023

Official data, not advice. Visa Atlas publishes figures from government registers and statistics. It does not assess eligibility or give immigration advice; for advice, consult a regulated adviser. Read more