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Canada → United States

Migration corridor · visas, permits and flows

From
Canada
To
United States
Inflow, 2023 (OECD)
19,010
Change since 2018
+17.8%
Share of all arrivals in the United States, 2023
1.61%
Inflow 202319,010OECD
Year by year
Data as at 2025
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Migration from Canada to the United States

Inflows of nationals of Canada recorded by the United States; stock of nationals of Canada living there; and acquisitions of the United States' nationality (OECD).

Inflows by year

12k24k200020032006200920122015201820212023
12k24k2000200420082012201620202023
Data table
200016,057
200121,752
200219,352
200311,350
200415,569
200521,878
200618,207
200715,495
200823,104
200923,963
201020,409
201120,161
201220,581
201321,012
201418,534
201520,104
201620,266
201718,768
201816,133
201917,827
202014,496
202115,294
202219,313
202319,010
YearInflowStockAcquired nationality
2024—261,079—
202319,010310,34717,240
202219,313377,27722,742
202115,294339,51318,368
202014,496284,03113,588
201917,827282,76818,498
201816,133308,24015,796
201718,768330,98713,649
201620,266331,26115,170
201520,104348,98114,969
201418,534358,85113,878
201321,012452,76914,931
201220,581444,94414,443
201120,161428,81614,723
201020,409444,22814,131
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023

Migrant population

People born in Canada who live in the United States: mid-year estimates of the international migrant stock (UN DESA).

Migrant population by year

509k1.02M19901995200020052010201520202024
509k1.02M19902000201020202024
Data table
1990880,627
19951,017,197
2000965,513
2005950,086
2010928,127
2015955,022
2020931,908
2024950,387
Estimate, 2024
950,387
Share of all international migrants in the destination, 2024
1.8%
Rank among countries of birth, 2024
14
Counted by
country of birth
Source: United Nations, DESA Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024 (CC BY 3.0 IGO)Data as at 2024

U.S. visas

Visas issued to citizens of Canada (fiscal years) and certified PERM labor certifications.

Non-immigrant visas by class, FY2025
  1. E26,779
  2. E11,271
  3. NATO2589
  4. K1521
  5. G4433
  6. L2276
  7. F1264
  8. H4252
  9. A1221
  10. B1/B2198
  11. TN114
  12. L1109

Non-immigrant visas by fiscal year

5,94612k201720182019202020212022202320242025
5,94612k20172019202120232025
Data table
20175,317
20188,244
20199,658
20205,429
20214,687
20227,689
202310,601
202411,803
202511,892
Immigrant visas by class, FY2025
  1. IR1752
  2. E2350
  3. E1290
  4. IR2228
  5. E3194
  6. CR1160
  7. F4153
  8. F3139

Certified PERM cases by fiscal year (citizenship published to FY2024)

2,0694,13720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024
2,0694,1372008201120142017202020232024
Data table
20082,539
20091,591
20103,658
20112,915
20122,724
20131,563
20143,054
20152,962
20163,999
20173,101
20184,137
20193,202
20202,801
20213,119
20222,487
20232,621
20242,340
Source: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, monthly visa issuances (public domain); U.S. Department of Labor, OFLC PERM disclosure data (public domain)Data as at FY2025

Green cards, citizenship and admissions

Green cards and naturalizations of people born in Canada, and I-94 admissions of citizens of Canada, by fiscal year (DHS).

Fiscal yearGreen cardsNaturalizationsI-94 admissions
202411,62011,29014,846,510
202311,87011,32013,584,590
202211,32012,5706,903,580
20219,98010,9301,512,470
20209,5308,4206,737,780
201911,39011,06013,926,160
20189,9009,38013,704,860
201711,4807,83013,029,000
201612,7909,35013,019,780
201512,6709,49013,408,290
I-94 admissions by class of admission, FY2024
  1. B25,325,980
  2. TN1,995,140
  3. C822,420
  4. F464,240
  5. WT357,730
  6. L310,230
  7. E280,460
  8. H1B255,930
  9. TD82,560
  10. P80,400
  11. J80,390
  12. O52,290
Green cards by class of admission, FY2024
  1. Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens6,620
  2. Employment-based preferences4,150
  3. Family-sponsored preferences510
  4. Other classes220
  5. Refugees and asylees80
  6. Diversity visa lottery40
Temporary worker admissions (I-94), FY2024
  1. Other temporary workers1,038,010
  2. Intracompany transferees (L-1)156,760
  3. Specialty occupations (H-1B)131,850
  4. Spouses and children109,030
  5. Athletes, artists and entertainers (P)39,890
  6. Extraordinary ability (O-1, O-2)25,090
  7. Seasonal agricultural workers (H-2A)8,640
  8. Seasonal non-agricultural workers (H-2B)1,500
Green cards, FY2024 (born in Canada)
11,620
Naturalizations, FY2024 (born in Canada)
11,290
I-94 admissions, FY2024 (citizenship)
14,846,510
Source: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics, Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2024 (public domain)Data as at FY2024

Embassy and consulates

Missions of the United States in Canada, as recorded in Wikidata. Details change; the mission's official website is authoritative.

MissionCityOfficial website
Consulate-generalCalgaryca.usembassy.gov
Consulate-generalHalifaxca.usembassy.gov
Consulate-generalMontrealca.usembassy.gov
Consulate-generalQuebec Cityca.usembassy.gov
Consulate-generalTorontoca.usembassy.gov
Consulate-generalVancouverca.usembassy.gov
ConsulateWinnipegca.usembassy.gov
Source: Wikidata (CC0)Data as at Oct 2026

Compared with other corridors

Nationalities with the most arrivals in the United States, 2023; Canada ranks 13.

Inflows to the United States, 2023
  1. Mexico190,560
  2. Cuba88,480
  3. India68,420
  4. Dominican Republic67,700
  5. China57,240
  6. Philippines48,690
  7. Vietnam37,040
  8. Afghanistan35,630
  9. Brazil27,440
  10. El Salvador27,280
  11. Colombia26,150
  12. Jamaica22,120
Other destinations for people from Canada, 2023
  1. South Korea4,976
  2. Mexico2,948
  3. Germany2,815
  4. Japan2,750
  5. Australia1,393
  6. Netherlands1,291
  7. New Zealand1,242
  8. France1,233
  9. Switzerland727
Source: OECD, International Migration Database (OECD.ELS.IMD), accessed 24 Oct 2026Data as at 2023

Official data, not advice. Visa Atlas publishes figures from government registers and statistics. It does not assess eligibility or give immigration advice; for advice, consult a regulated adviser. Read more